IISR Panchami Black Pepper Plants
IISR Panchami is a renowned black pepper variety developed by the Indian Institute of Spice Research (IISR). Released in 1991, Panchami has earned a strong reputation for its exceptional yield potential and overall performance.
Key Features of IISR Panchami:
- High Yielding: Panchami is a prolific variety, capable of producing up to 6528 kg of dry pepper per hectare. This translates to a substantial yield per vine, reaching 5.2 kg of green pepper.
- High Fruit Set: It exhibits excellent fruit set, contributing significantly to its high yield.
- High Oleoresin Content: Panchami boasts a high oleoresin content of 12.5%, an important factor for its commercial value.
- Late Maturing: This variety belongs to the late-maturing group.
Morphological Characteristics:
- Leaf: Panchami has ovate-shaped leaves with a length of 14.5 cm and a breadth of 8.5 cm.
- Spike: The pepper spikes are characterized by their twisted appearance due to the high fruit set. They measure 11.2 cm in length.
- Fruits: Each spike typically bears 84 fruits, with a 1000-fruit weight of 107 grams.
Quality Attributes:
- Piperine Content: Panchami contains 4.7% piperine, contributing to its characteristic pungency.
- Oleoresin and Essential Oil: It offers a high oleoresin content (12.5%) along with a respectable 3.4% essential oil content.
Areas of Adoption:
Panchami is widely adopted across all pepper-growing regions of Kerala and Karnataka.
Pepper Karimunda
Pepper Karimunda is a wild variety that has been cultivated in Kerala from long time. The Karimunda pepper plant is a true champion of the pepper-growing world. Renowned for its exceptional disease resistance, particularly against the dreaded wilt disease (foot rot). Karimunda thrives in various pepper-growing regions across Kerala, Karnataka, and Tamil Nadu. This resilient variety boasts ovate, deep green leaves with a compact growth habit, making it manageable even for those with limited space.
Karimunda is known for its impressive yields, averaging around 3-5 kg of dry pepper per vine. This translates to a potential yield of 15-25 kg of dry peppercorns per pack, depending on growing conditions and care practices. Karimunda plants have ovate small leaves with even margins, dark green leaves and spikes. The have high spiking intensity. Their yield per wine is said to be 3-5. New spikes will be dark in color.
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