About Turmeric Cultivation
Turmeric is a perennial herb, native South Asia. It is also known as “Indian saffron” is sacred spice of India. It is principal ingredient in Indian culinary and used as flavoring and colouring agent. It is used in drug and cosmetic industry because of its anti-cancer and anti- viral property. It is also believed that Turmeric also helps in developing brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) which is a growth hormone in brains that increases neurons in the brain thus fending off disease like Alzheimer related to loss of neurons. Several studies conducted have shown that Turmeric helps combat arthritis. In India, it is cultivated in the states of Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Maharashtra, Orissa, Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, and Kerala. Maximum area under turmeric cultivation and production is in Telangana state of followed by Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Maharashtra, and Tamil Nadu.
Benefits of cultivation
Curcumin, Turmeric’s active ingredient, is being studied by scientists toxicity protection activity. Turmeric is one of the hottest superfood trends for a good reason. Though studies are still being conducted, this medicinal plant is said to have anti-inflammatory properties, help with digestion, and provide pain relief. Plus, its earthy, bitter flavor and its bright yellow colour and interest to any dish. Plant turmeric in September or October, in to a warm soil. The rhizomes should be planted 5-7 cm deep. It is often planted in ridges, usually about 30-45 cm apart and with 15-30 cm between plants. The crop is planted by setts (small rhizomes) with one or two buds. Harvesting. Depending upon the variety, the crop becomes ready for harvest in 7-9 months after planting during January -March. Early varieties mature in 7-8 months, medium varieties in 8-9 months and late varieties after 9 months. The yield per acre of turmeric crop can vary from 18 to 24 quintals. Taking the average yield of 18 quintals, the total income generated from selling the turmeric crop would be Rs.1,80000- 2,00000,assuming the price of turmeric is Rs. 75 per kg. Turmeric can be grown from sea level to 1500m in the hills, at a temperature range of 20-30 degree Celsius with a rainfall of 1500 -2250 mm per annum. It is also grown as an irrigated crop. It thrives best in a well drained sandy or clayey loam rich in humus content. It can be grown on different soil viz. In India Turmeric Cultivation is done in two seasons i e., February-May and August- October.
Uses of turmeric in Agriculture.
Mainly turmeric is used in household as a spice for the preparation of food and can be used to protect crop from harmful insects and diseases. Spraying is done when caterpillar attacks the parts of the crop and cuts that part. At this time spraying is beneficial for the crop.