The Indian council of agricultural research(ICAR) and Indian Institute of Spices Research (IISR) has developed varieties of black pepper. The varieties are given below,
IISR Sreekara Black Pepper Plants
It is a variety released from IISR, Calicut. Adaptable to various climatic conditions in all the pepper growing tracts. Gives high quality pepper. Use only clonal planting material. Some features about sreekara is, its Maturity group is medium. Yield is 2677kg dry pepper/ha, potential yield is 4200kg dry pepper/ha. quality attribute is Piperine 5.1% ,Oleoresin 13.0%, and Essential oil 7.0%. It morphological characters are Leaf length is 11.6/6.2cm,leaf shape is ovate, spike length is 8.6 cm.
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IISR Subhakara
It is a variety released from IISR, Calicut. Subhkara is a clonal selection of Kari Munda developed from IISR, Calicut. All pepper growing tracts of Kerala and southern Karnataka. It is a high yielding and a regular bearing variety. The variety has wider adaptability and produce high quality pepper. It gives 2352 kg/ha (dry) berries per year.
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Panchami
It is a variety released from IISR, Calicut. It is Suited to all pepper growing tracts of Kerala and South Karnataka. This is high yielding variety with excellent fruit set. Spike twisted in appearance due to high fruit set. Oleoresin content is high. Use only clonal planting material. It Is a high yielding and a regular bearing variety. It gives 2828 kg/ha (dry)berries per year.
Pournami
It is a variety released from IISR, Calicut. Suited to all pepper growing tracts of Kerala and S. Karnataka. Tolerant to root knot nematode infection. A moderately high yielding vine with high oleoresin content. Use only clonal planting material. Strict plant protection measures recommended. It Is a high yielding and a Regular Bearing variety. Gives 2333 kg/ha (dry) berries per year.
Malabar excel
It is a variety released from IISR, Calicut. Suitable for high elevation and plains. Malabar Excel is hybrid of cholamundi X Panniyur-1 developed from IISR, Calicut. It ‘s maturity group is medium. It has Elliptic Lanceolate leaf. Average yield (kg/ha) 1440. Dry yield % 32.3.
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IISR Thevam
It is a variety released from IISR, Calicut. Tolerant to Phytophthora foot rot. Thevam is a clonal selection of Thevanmundi developed from IISR, Calicut. It show medium maturity group. It has Ovate-elliptic leaf. Yield 2148 t/ha. Oleoresin 8.2%.
PLD-2(Black pepper)
It is a variety released from IISR, Calicut. Suited to all pepper growing areas. PLD-2 is selection from kottanadan developed from IISR, Calicut. . It is Suited to growing tracts of Trivandrum and Quilon districts. It show late maturity group. It has Ovate leaf. Its potential yield is 4731 kg dry pepper/ha. Oleoresin content is high.
IISR-GIRIMUNDA
It is a variety released from IISR, Calicut. Suited to high altitude areas.it is a medium maturity group.it has ovate elliptic leaf. The yield per vine is 6.14 kg per lines.
Arka Coorg Excel
It is a variety released from IISR, Calicut. Suited to Kodagu district and similar areas.it is a medium maturity group.it has ovate leaf. The yield per vine is 7.15.
Girimunda
It is a variety released from IISR, Calicut. Recommended for rainfed conditions, suitable for high elevation. Average yield (kg/ha) 2880. Dry yield 32 %.
IISR Sakthi
It is a variety released from IISR, Calicut. It is suited of both plains and high ranges under rain fed conditions.it is a medium maturity group. It has ovate lanceolate leaf. Tolerant to phytophthora foot rot. Yield 2253 t/ha. Oleoresin 10.2%.
IISR Chandra Black Pepper Plants
It is a variety released from IISR, Calicut. The variety has a long spike, compact setting, and bold berries. It also showed optimal spike intensity greater than than of other existing varieties and can yield 7.5 kg pepper per vine.
Chandra (Black pepper)
It is a variety released from IISR, Calicut. It is a high-yielding variety with a long spike, compact setting, and bold berries. It is expected to be a game-changer for the country’s black pepper economy. It give yield up to 7.5 kg per vine,
This is the main varieties of black pepper developed by ICAR & IISR. The main motive of this institution is to improve the yield and quality of black pepper .