Hydroponics is an innovative method of soil-less farming that can be employed to cultivate a wide range of crops. In hydroponic systems, plants grow in a nutrient-rich water solution rather than traditional soil. This approach offers several benefits and can be used for various crops.
Conventional elements of traditional farming are substituted with artificial ones. Rather than from the sun, plants receive energy from LED lighting that is tailored specifically to the energy needs of the plants. Instead of using soil, seeds are planted in soil-free growth mediums such as coconut husk to provide the seedlings with a surface to attach their roots to. This soil less process minimizes the risk of invasion by bugs and weeds into the growth environment, ensuring a much cleaner and simpler process. These seedlings are sometimes placed into growth trays which are stacked upwards, instead of outwards, in a vertical racking system.
Why and How hydroponics help?
The vertical integration of plants allows farmers to optimize the total space usage of their growth area, making it possible for farmers to reduce their land use by up to 90-99% while also increasing productivity. Plants growing in vertical farms are fed essential nutrients either hydroponically, in which nutrient-infused water is fed to the plant roots which sit in a growth medium, or aeroponically, in which the plant roots dangle freely and are misted with the nutrient-infused water. So water usage will be less than the traditional system.
The most common and successfully grown crops through hydroponics in India are:
Leafy Greens: Hydroponics is ideal for growing leafy greens such as lettuce, spinach, kale, and arugula. These plants flourish in hydroponic systems, benefitting from the consistent supply of water and nutrients.
Tomatoes: Hydroponically grown tomatoes are known for their sweetness and consistency. The controlled environment of hydroponics allows for year-round tomato production, even in regions with challenging climates
Strawberries: Hydroponic strawberries are popular for their sweetness and year-round availability. The elevated strawberry beds and controlled conditions create an optimal growth environment.
Microgreens: While not a specific plant, microgreens encompass a variety of herbs and greens, including radishes, mustard, and sunflower shoots. They are quick to grow and popular in hydroponics due to their small footprint.
GROW ANYWHERE
Defying climate change, growing seasons and geographical limitations are shifting drastically due to fluctuating temperatures and evolving conditions. Even under what used to be considered “typical” circumstances, there are numerous locations where the soil isn’t suitable for agriculture, such as arid deserts and urban landscapes. Presently, the majority of vegetables available in stores have traversed long distances, resulting in a loss of nutritional value during transportation.